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Using a VPN is a terrific way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your regional files. .

When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple for a rear door to get past the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI needed to hire hackers to get into the phone.

Why wouldn't Apple help Since the moment a rear door or comparable hack exists, it will become a target, a decoration for the bad guys. It will flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.

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Apple can't update them, but the poor guys can't get in either. .

All the products in this roundup explicitly state they have no back door, and that is as it should be. It will mean that if you encrypt an essential document and then forget that the encryption password, you have lost it for good.

Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document secret you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you could lock it up in a safe. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel these options.

One type of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. Another creates a virtual disc that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, all of the files that you put into it's completely inaccessible. .

Similar to the digital drive solution, some products save your encrypted information in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a much bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.

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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial offered by each of those products to get a sense of the different options.

Once you copy a file into protected storage, or make an encrypted version of it, you definitely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you skip the Recycle Bin, because the information still exists on disc, and data retrieval utilities can often return back. . see this website

Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the document in place, literally overwriting it on disc using an encrypted version. It's more common, though, to offer safe deletion as an option. If you select something that lacks this attribute, you should find a free secure deletion tool to official statement use along with it. .

Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic recovery functions because the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known data and reading around the edges of what is left.

An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, image, or other file into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back through the box, with the same password, and you get back the original.

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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one the products gathered here service AES. Even the ones that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.

If you are an encryption specialist, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the average consumer, however, AES is just fine.

Passwords are important, and you have to keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.

With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, enroll it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. The other is private, and needs to be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.

Simple! .

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Using this system in reverse, you can create a digital signature which shows that your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact that your public key decrypts it's all of the proof you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .

If you want to talk about a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.